Perhaps the oddest idea regarding democracy is the belief
that more than five people want it. Other curious notions are that it
quite exists, or ever did, or is particularly desirable, or likely to
endure.
Few say this. We are all subjected in high school to advertising
slogans about Truth, Justice, Freedom, the Will of the People, and
Inalienable Rights. High-minded catch-phrases precede and spur all
revolutions, whether American, French (“Liberty, equality, fraternity!”)
or Russian (“Workers of the world, unite.” “The dictatorship of the
proletariat.” “From each according….”).
In the American case, principled naïfs like Tom Jefferson and George
Mason saw democracy, or said they saw it, as the road of the future and
an instrument of morality. It would make things better. It would end
tyranny, the preferred form of government in Europe at the time.
It did, pretty much. Or did if you were not an Indian, a miner in
West Virginia, an indentured servant, a black, or a kid of ten being
sweated in New York’s garment industry. In Europe, tyranny was imposed
by the central government, usually an inbred royal family that bled when
touched. In America it was under local control, spread over tenant farms
and cotton fields. The political right pretends this didn’t happen, and
the political left pretends that nothing else happened.
The United States, as it became, progressed less because of political
democracy than because of economic freedom. Then as now, most of the
electorate knew little of the issues. Votes, depending on the period,
were delivered by machines in cities at the command of political bosses.
Newspapers, the closest thing to television until television, were as
manipulated and manipulative as the media are today. Then, as now, pols
understood that it profited more to gull fifty rubes than to try to
persuade one the informed. It was democracy of a sort, though not the
sort trumpeted in texts.
Part of the conventional hooha is the notion that people want
democracy, and will defend it to the death. To believe this is to
misunderstand the very foundation of politics. Most people wanted, and
want, only to be comfortable -- i.e., fed, warm, dry, secure, amused,
and sexually satisfied.
Tyranny has existed chiefly because it has been the only way for
tyrants to live in what passed in their times for luxury. Until
recently, the productivity of societies was so dismally low that the
only way to be rich was to concentrate the exiguous wealth of the poor,
which meant almost everybody. The way to do this was to get a sword and
some henchmen and systematically rob everyone else. You needed the sword
because, when a peasant didn’t have enough to eat in the first place, he
didn’t want you to take half of it to have banquets in your castle. He
would be likely to object fatally if he could figure out how.
Democracy appealed to him because he thought it meant he could keep
his crops. It was the only reason it appealed. If he had enough to eat,
he didn’t care what went on in Paris. He still doesn’t.
But today the factories are so immoderately fecund that almost
everyone can live at a high standard. (A double-wide with a satellite
dish, Internet connectivity, a pick-up truck and a beer supply is in
fact a pretty high standard of living. Ask a thirteenth-century
peasant.) Consequently oppression isn’t needed: The impulse to revolt is
nonexistent.. Prosperity is the opiate of the masses.
And of tyrants. Those who in another century would have inclined to
tyranny don’t have to bother. They can get filthy rich by jiggering the
stock market, doing leveraged buy-outs, or engaging promiscuously in
real estate. Swords have become unnecessary. A Donald Trump can sack New
York without putting anyone to death. Such is our national wealth that,
after he has done it, no one notices.
The other incentive to tyranny was power. However, the flood of goods
that pours from factories permits those who crave power to get it
without riling the peasants (you and me). These, after all, are happy
with their SUVs and home theater. Putting it succinctly, sufficient
ambient money severs rapacity from oppressiveness. Men who would have
butchered countries no longer have to. They can instead sell aircraft
companies, elect governors, and otherwise enjoy, more or less
harmlessly, the psychic emoluments of potency.
Which may not be a bad deal.
In any event, the principle that comfort trumps democracy underlies
society today. We have the trappings of elections, the theater of close
counts, the excitement of watching the polls – that is, the emotions
associated with a tight football season. But what real influence do we
have? Can we divert the remotely chosen path of our children’s
education, alter or even speak against the flow of immigrants across our
borders, question racial preferences? No. These things are decided for
us. We can lose our jobs for speaking of them. The more things matter,
the less we can say.
Freedom? We have economic freedom, yes: We can start a computer
company if we are smart enough, work hard enough, and find the capital.
This keeps the ambitious from becoming radical.
We can exercise any freedom that doesn’t endanger the status quo. We
can live where we want, change jobs, watch pornography, read seditious
books and even write them (provided we don’t seek wide circulation), and
buy endless things we don’t need or much want. But we can’t speak our
minds.
Two things allow the appearance of democracy without the substance.
The unanimity of the media permits the inculcation of appropriate
values, while not providing lateral communication between individuals.
The Internet changes this, but apparently in no practical sense. The
other is the satisfaction of the drives for food, comfort, sex, and
entertainment. Satiety breeds indifference.
Things could be worse. If you want to read the classics, or teach
them to your children, you can. You just can’t get the schools to teach
them. Any book you want, any music, any vacation, any sport from golf to
hang gliding, you can easily find. Existence is as secure as it is
likely to get. Software gets better. Cable sometimes offers five hundred
channels, I hear, or will soon. Life is good.
It is only the important things that are decided quietly, far away,
by the political classes who know where the country should go, who know
what is right and will, gradually, without any jackboots at all, make us
what we should be. www.fredoneverything.net